Breast Cancer Management:-
The management of breast cancer should take the following forms. Here are some of them:
Surgery:-
The surgical removal of the entire breast (mastectomy) or only the lump (lumpectomy) is carried out, depending on the size and kind of the tumour. In accordance with standard procedure, the surgeon must confirm that the tissue taken during the surgery has margins free of malignancy, signifying that the cancer has been entirely excised. The need for additional surgeries to remove more tissue can arise if the excised tissue does not have distinct edges. Part of the pectoralis major muscle, which is the primary muscle of the anterior chest wall, may occasionally need to be removed in order to accomplish this.
The use of radiation:-
To treat a tumour or a tumour location after surgery, radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or gamma rays. These radiations are particularly successful in eliminating cancer cells that could still be present after surgery or return in the area where the tumour was removed. To the breast scar, electron beam radiation has supplanted this therapeutic approach. In order to maximise breast tissue preservation, radiation therapy for breast cancer is typically administered following surgery.
CHEMOTHERAPY:-
Using anti-cancer medications to treat malignant cells is known as chemotherapy. The kind and stage of the breast cancer, the patient’s general health, medical history, age (and whether or not she is menstruating), the patient’s tolerance for particular drugs and procedures, and other factors will all affect the individual therapy. Chemotherapy treatments are frequently administered in cycles; one cycle lasts for a set amount of time, is followed by a rest period, and then the next cycle is administered. Prior to surgery, chemotherapy can be used to reduce the tumour, which occasionally enables breast-conserving surgery as an alternative to mastectomy. It is frequently used following surgery, and it may be “dose dense” and administered every three weeks or every two weeks.
Nanotechnology and breast cancer:-
More than 150 clinical trials are now being conducted to determine the effectiveness of nanotechnology-based drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of cancer, which is proof of the field’s fast evolution. To increase the standard doxorubicin chemotherapy’s therapeutic index while preserving its anti-tumor efficacy, a number of liposomal doxorubicin formulations were created. For instance, the effectiveness of three liposomal doxorubicins is now being used: liposomal doxorubicin (D-99, MyocetTMJ), liposomal doxorubicin (D-99), and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil®, sold and distributed in the U.S., and Caelyx®, distributed outside the U.S.).
Conclusion:-
Only 5% of female patients with a malignant tumour and breast discomfort have breast cancer, according to statistics. Along with these symptoms, there may also be immobility, skin alterations like thickness, edoema, and redness, or nipple abnormalities such ulceration, retraction, and spontaneous bloody discharge. There are several methods available today for treating breast cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and more recently, nanotechnology and gene therapy.
Track 4: Breast Cancer Management:-
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Breast Cancer Society Universities:-
- International Network for Cancer, Treatment, & Research Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi
- K. Cancer Institute (G.S.V.M. Medical College), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
- Jagdish Cancer & Research Centre, Hyderabad.
- Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital, & Research Centre, Bhopal
- Marathwada Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Maharashtra.
- Bhagwan Mahaveer Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Jaipur
- Mohan Das Oswal Cancer Treatment & Research Centre, Punjab.
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Hospital & Research Institute, Rohini, Delhi
- Rajkot Cancer Society, Mr. N.P. Cancer Institute, Gujrat
- Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala